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Author Topic: UW wolf-deer research initial results  (Read 4292 times)

Offline CGDucksandDeer

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UW wolf-deer research initial results
« on: March 01, 2019, 11:08:21 AM »
Lots of talk here and at our deer camps about potential impacts of wolves on game, but so far there's been scant hard data from our state for wildlife managers to work off of.

The UW has been doing field research on the topic the last few years, and recently released some initial results: http://www.washington.edu/news/2019/02/27/return-of-the-wolves-how-deer-escape-tactics-help-save-their-lives. Copied below.

More here: http://nwsportsmanmag.com/north-central-washington-mule-deer-really-changing-their-home-ranges-in-response-to-wolves-uw-study

February 27, 2019

Return of the wolves: How deer escape tactics help save their lives

UW News

As gray wolves continue to make a strong comeback in Washington state, their presence can’t help but impact other animals — particularly the ones these large carnivores target as prey.

White-tailed deer and mule deer, two distinct species common in Washington, are among wolves’ favorite catch. Wolves will chase deer great distances — sometimes upwards of 6 miles (10 kilometers) — in search of a satisfying meal. How these two deer species respond to the threat of being pursued by wolves in the early years of this predator’s return could shed light on changes to their behavior and numbers.

To help answer this question, researchers from the University of Washington and other institutions monitored the behavior and activity of wolves and deer in Washington for three years. They found that mule deer exposed to wolves, in particular, are changing their behavior to spend more time away from roads, at higher elevations and in rockier landscapes.

“In any particular ecosystem, if you have a predator returning, prey are unlikely to all respond similarly,” said senior author Aaron Wirsing, an associate professor in the UW School of Environmental and Forest Sciences. “We show that wolves don’t have a uniform effect on different deer species.”

Their results were published in December in the journal Oecologia.

Wolves were completely wiped out from Washington early last century, but began returning to the state from Idaho, Montana and Canada about a decade ago. The latest estimates now show about 200 wolves in packs across eastern Washington.

Both white-tailed and mule deer are important food for gray wolves. While they might look similar to an untrained eye, white-tailed deer and mule deer are very different animals: Mule deer are bigger, with large, dark ears and a black-tipped tail. White-tailed deer are smaller animals, boasting an unmistakably long tail with a white underside that stands straight up when alarmed.

Aside from their physical characteristics, the two species differ in how they escape from predators. When chased, mule deer “stot,” a quick bound with all four legs touching the ground at the same time. This bounding gait helps them negotiate all types of terrain and can give them an agility advantage over predators in rocky, uneven areas where it might be hard to run.

By contrast, white-tailed deer sprint away from predators and rely on spotting them early enough to try to outrun them.

Keeping these known escape tactics in mind, the research team focused on the “flight behavior” of deer living in areas where wolves have returned and in areas without wolves. The researchers chose four distinct study areas, all near the small town of Republic, Washington. All four areas are home to both species of deer, but only two were occupied by known wolf packs at the time of the investigation.

In partnership with the Colville Tribes and the U.S. Forest Service, researchers set up wildlife cameras, captured and put collars on wolves and deer, and monitored the data from all of the collars over three years, from 2013 to 2016. This endeavor involved complex coordination and a dedicated team of UW students who were always ready to respond should an animal enter one of the traps.

“That part of eastern Washington is really special,” said lead author Justin Dellinger, who completed the work as a UW doctoral student and now works at the California Department of Fish and Wildlife. “There is huge diversity of large mammals, including all of the native prey populations like big horn sheep, moose and deer. And now we’re starting to see a full complement of native predators, like wolves, here as well.”

Overall, the researchers found that mule deer in gray wolf areas changed their behavior to avoid wolves altogether — mainly by moving to higher, steeper elevations, away from roads and toward brushy, rocky terrain. Alternately, white-tailed deer that favor sprinting and early detection as ways to escape from predators were more likely to stick to their normal behavior in wolf areas, sprinting across open, gently rolling terrain with good visibility — including along roads.

“Mule deer faced with the threat of wolves are really changing their home ranges, on a large scale,” Wirsing said. “They appear to have shifted kilometers away from where they had been prior to the return of wolves, generally going up higher where the terrain is less smooth and where wolves are less likely to hunt successfully.”

These larger shifts among mule deer could affect hunting opportunities. Indeed, some hunters in eastern Washington have already reported seeing mule deer higher on ridges where they are less accessible than in past years, Wirsing said. Hunting for white-tailed deer likely won’t change to the same degree with the presence of wolves, the results suggest.

Long term, changes among mule deer in wolf areas could affect other parts of the ecosystem, and perhaps reduce the number of deer-vehicle collisions. These possible impacts are tantalizing fodder for future studies, Wirsing added.

Other co-authors are Carolyn Shores and Apryle Craig, both UW graduate students; Michael Heithaus of Florida International University; and William Ripple of Oregon State University.

This study was funded by the National Science Foundation, the Safari Club International Foundation, Conservation Northwest, Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife and the University of Washington.

###

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Re: UW wolf-deer research initial results
« Reply #1 on: March 01, 2019, 11:16:26 AM »
Ah yes, there it is, the key phrase theure going to tout around proudly.  The wolf impact on mule deer is benefiting us as theyre reducing motor vehicle collisions... :rolleyes:
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Re: UW wolf-deer research initial results
« Reply #2 on: March 01, 2019, 11:24:04 AM »
Ah yes, there it is, the key phrase theure going to tout around proudly.  The wolf impact on mule deer is benefiting us as theyre reducing motor vehicle collisions... :rolleyes:

Ha, can't say I've heard that one yet. Especially as the state, feds, Colville tribes, MDF and others are working to reduce those collisions through much more reasonable means in places like Highway 97: https://youtu.be/sQhEmdkQ-hc

Loss of winter range due to development, agriculture and recent severe fires, and fragmentation of migration corridors leading to that winter range, seem to be the largest issues facing our mule deer. Hopefully studies like this provide some solid tools for managers to incorporate additional impacts from increased predation, too.

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Re: UW wolf-deer research initial results
« Reply #3 on: March 01, 2019, 11:33:57 AM »
Ah yes, there it is, the key phrase theure going to tout around proudly.  The wolf impact on mule deer is benefiting us as theyre reducing motor vehicle collisions... :rolleyes:

I quickly picked up on the same sentence!

Sadly the mule deer that will remain will be those that live where wolves don't go to hunt, the rest of the countryside will be mostly lacking of mule deer, except for the ones that survive in the most rugged country or within close proximity of dense human population in and around towns.
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Re: UW wolf-deer research initial results
« Reply #4 on: March 01, 2019, 11:40:22 AM »
Ah yes, there it is, the key phrase theure going to tout around proudly.  The wolf impact on mule deer is benefiting us as theyre reducing motor vehicle collisions... :rolleyes:

Ha, can't say I've heard that one yet. Especially as the state, feds, Colville tribes, MDF and others are working to reduce those collisions through much more reasonable means in places like Highway 97: https://youtu.be/sQhEmdkQ-hc

Loss of winter range due to development, agriculture and recent severe fires, and fragmentation of migration corridors leading to that winter range, seem to be the largest issues facing our mule deer. Hopefully studies like this provide some solid tools for managers to incorporate additional impacts from increased predation, too.

Existing winter range is already underutilized due to the over abundance of cougars, bear, and other predators, which is mostly due to the efforts of anti hunting organizations like Conservation Northwest and HSUS.
Americans are systematically advocating, legislating, and voting away each others rights. Support all user groups & quit losing opportunity!

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Offline nwwanderer

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Re: UW wolf-deer research initial results
« Reply #5 on: March 01, 2019, 11:53:59 AM »
How is survival on those high ridges right now, mulies do not hibernate very will

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Re: UW wolf-deer research initial results
« Reply #6 on: March 01, 2019, 12:29:19 PM »
How is survival on those high ridges right now, mulies do not hibernate very will

 Don't go messing up the narrative.
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Re: UW wolf-deer research initial results
« Reply #7 on: March 01, 2019, 12:31:17 PM »
Ah yes, there it is, the key phrase theure going to tout around proudly.  The wolf impact on mule deer is benefiting us as theyre reducing motor vehicle collisions... :rolleyes:

I quickly picked up on the same sentence!

Sadly the mule deer that will remain will be those that live where wolves don't go to hunt, the rest of the countryside will be mostly lacking of mule deer, except for the ones that survive in the most rugged country or within close proximity of dense human population in and around towns.

I also noticed that mentioned as  "tantalizing fodder" for future studies. :bash: It will be touted as a benefit of wolves no doubt just like fly fishing is better in Yellowstone because all those pesky elk aren't eating the streamside bushes. This study is not honest because I did not see one mention of the mule deer moving to town or living in peoples YARDS. That has been the greatest movement that happened with elk and deer in Idaho. Presence of too many wolves the ungulates move to YARDS. They found what they wanted to find form the start, BTW animail rights groups have already been espousing the benefits of predators and reducing vehicle collisions. I like the guy who thinks that area is amazing because they have a full "complement" of predators         

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Re: UW wolf-deer research initial results
« Reply #8 on: March 01, 2019, 12:36:07 PM »
Ah yes, there it is, the key phrase theure going to tout around proudly.  The wolf impact on mule deer is benefiting us as theyre reducing motor vehicle collisions... :rolleyes:

Great! Now the wolf can be the new logo for the Wa State Traffic Safety Commission! Yay!!!

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Re: UW wolf-deer research initial results
« Reply #9 on: March 01, 2019, 01:16:24 PM »
That's great news. This report didn't really say that deer populations change significantly. Only that the mule deer go up to higher elevations. So when the snow hits they must stay up high. I guess in the places where I hunted and the wolves had a prescense I wasn't hunting high enough. Doesn't this cause more winter kills. Damn no wonder the number of Methow valley road kills has decreased.
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Re: UW wolf-deer research initial results
« Reply #10 on: March 01, 2019, 03:28:51 PM »
And what happens when the snow gets deep?
Do those mule deer that were staying up high in the rocks to avoid wolves, stay there in the deep snow?
Somehow I seriously doubt muleys are wintering up high. They will be coming down to winter, and then be back in the wolves in the open areas they winter in.

Sounds like they only studied the deer in the summer.

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Re: UW wolf-deer research initial results
« Reply #11 on: March 01, 2019, 04:05:09 PM »
Wolves push mule deer right into the waiting maw's of the over abundant mt. lions. 


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Re: UW wolf-deer research initial results
« Reply #12 on: March 01, 2019, 04:48:04 PM »
Seems to me wolves are typically pack hunters and steep rocky areas are not conducive to their type of hunting. Yet cougars like rocky areas where they can easily stalk and hunt solitarily like they do. :dunno:
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Re: UW wolf-deer research initial results
« Reply #13 on: March 01, 2019, 04:50:13 PM »
Wolves dont need to pack hunt deer, packs very loose hunting deer

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Re: UW wolf-deer research initial results
« Reply #14 on: March 01, 2019, 04:56:22 PM »
But the point is wolves are loopers and rely on often times running after their prey for miles thus lower flatter areas. Where as cougars are stalkers which is more conducive to Rocky steep areas
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Re: UW wolf-deer research initial results
« Reply #15 on: March 01, 2019, 05:03:15 PM »
Wolves will go through thick stuff too, hard to follow so thick

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Re: UW wolf-deer research initial results
« Reply #16 on: March 01, 2019, 05:16:57 PM »
But the point is wolves are loopers and rely on often times running after their prey for miles thus lower flatter areas. Where as cougars are stalkers which is more conducive to Rocky steep areas

Correct the deer that don’t go to town are moving into prime lion hunting country. Cliffs and rocky terrain perfect for cougars. That’s if the deer survive winter and the 12 feet of snow in the high country. That’s why they are in yards not prime habitat

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Re: UW wolf-deer research initial results
« Reply #17 on: March 01, 2019, 05:27:57 PM »

What a crock, they could save millions by talking to folks(listening to and respecting their feedback) that are out there consistently and folks that know areas and have long history in those areas rather than forking out all this money for "wolf experts", studies, etc that for some reason usually spin the results to favor their ideas. Bottom line, our herds are shrinking, some have been downright devastated to the point that it is a shame what has happened. Part two to the "bottom line" predator numbers are increasing, in some areas(where herds are being devastated) they are booming to the point they have been seen more and more close to "people" because thats where their prey are seeking refuge. This is not rocket science, bears and cats have been increasing in numbers over the last 20 or so years, most of us have seen increasing sign of both, more and more each year for me at least and a new predator has been "officially"(for a lack of a better word) on the scene for about the same time. What do they think is going to happen, all these predators including the new one have to eat, and each year they are eating more and more, their populations are growing as we speak. They either really can't figure this out or unfortunately there really is some sort of an "agenda" taking place right under our noses. No, I do not wear tin foil hats, I,m pretty level headed, but I,ll tell ya, something is not right.... :twocents:

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Re: UW wolf-deer research initial results
« Reply #18 on: March 06, 2019, 06:59:36 AM »
Say a big thank you to your boss, Mitch Friedman the self admitted eco terrorist at Conservation NW , for all the fires he helped cause throughout the west :tup:

Is conservation NW still working behind the scenes to shut down predator hunting in Washington and throughout the west?

Just curious because you have spread misinformation( a nice way of saying "lies") on here in the past.


Ah yes, there it is, the key phrase theure going to tout around proudly.  The wolf impact on mule deer is benefiting us as theyre reducing motor vehicle collisions... :rolleyes:

Ha, can't say I've heard that one yet. Especially as the state, feds, Colville tribes, MDF and others are working to reduce those collisions through much more reasonable means in places like Highway 97: https://youtu.be/sQhEmdkQ-hc

Loss of winter range due to development, agriculture and recent severe fires, and fragmentation of migration corridors leading to that winter range, seem to be the largest issues facing our mule deer. Hopefully studies like this provide some solid tools for managers to incorporate additional impacts from increased predation, too.

Offline idaho guy

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Re: UW wolf-deer research initial results
« Reply #19 on: March 06, 2019, 02:12:23 PM »
Say a big thank you to your boss, Mitch Friedman the self admitted eco terrorist at Conservation NW , for all the fires he helped cause throughout the west :tup:

Is conservation NW still working behind the scenes to shut down predator hunting in Washington and throughout the west?

Just curious because you have spread misinformation( a nice way of saying "lies") on here in the past.


Ah yes, there it is, the key phrase theure going to tout around proudly.  The wolf impact on mule deer is benefiting us as theyre reducing motor vehicle collisions... :rolleyes:

Ha, can't say I've heard that one yet. Especially as the state, feds, Colville tribes, MDF and others are working to reduce those collisions through much more reasonable means in places like Highway 97: https://youtu.be/sQhEmdkQ-hc

Loss of winter range due to development, agriculture and recent severe fires, and fragmentation of migration corridors leading to that winter range, seem to be the largest issues facing our mule deer. Hopefully studies like this provide some solid tools for managers to incorporate additional impacts from increased predation, too.


forest fires are from global warming I mean climate change  :chuckle: don't worry mitch is all over this next fake crisis just like he saved the spotted owl

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Re: UW wolf-deer research initial results
« Reply #20 on: March 06, 2019, 03:40:43 PM »
Say a big thank you to your boss, Mitch Friedman the self admitted eco terrorist at Conservation NW , for all the fires he helped cause throughout the west :tup:

You're the outraged internet activist, tell him yourself.  It's not Chase's job to deliver your mail. 

Offline buckfvr

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Re: UW wolf-deer research initial results
« Reply #21 on: March 06, 2019, 03:58:31 PM »
By the list of those who funded the study, its plain to see once again, it was an agenda driven,  bought and paid for conclusion, administered by non hunting wolf romanticizers.

Offline WAcoyotehunter

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Re: UW wolf-deer research initial results
« Reply #22 on: March 06, 2019, 04:20:39 PM »
By the list of those who funded the study, its plain to see once again, it was an agenda driven,  bought and paid for conclusion, administered by non hunting wolf romanticizers.
Who? 

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Re: UW wolf-deer research initial results
« Reply #23 on: March 06, 2019, 04:32:00 PM »
Say a big thank you to your boss, Mitch Friedman the self admitted eco terrorist at Conservation NW , for all the fires he helped cause throughout the west :tup:

You're the outraged internet activist, tell him yourself.  It's not Chase's job to deliver your mail.

His job is to go on sportsmen’s sites and spread Mitch Friedman ,the eco terrorist , lies

Oh I have contacted Mitch

Thanks for thinking of me though sunshine :chuckle:

Really weird people on hunt wa openly support radical organizations trying to shut down hunting

Carry on

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Re: UW wolf-deer research initial results
« Reply #24 on: March 06, 2019, 04:41:56 PM »
So any legitimacy to this
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Re: UW wolf-deer research initial results
« Reply #25 on: March 06, 2019, 04:47:56 PM »
Acknowledgements

We are grateful to the Colville Tribes Fish and Wildlife Department, and especially to E. Krausz and R. Whitney, for permission to access their lands, guidance, logistical support, and comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. We also thank the Okanogan-Wenatchee National Forest, and especially M. Marsh, for guidance and logistical support. Field assistance was provided by M. Bianco, K. Ebenhoch, J. Fournier, A. Smethurst, K. Perensovich, S. Stark, C. Montgomerie, B. Woodruff, I. Hull, C. Whitney, and TC Walker. Valuable field training was provided by W. Myers and J. Kujala.

Author contribution statement

AJW, MRH, and WJR originally conceptualized the study. JAD, CRS, and AC contributed to fieldwork. JAD analyzed the data and led the writing of the manuscript. All authors contributed critically to the drafts and gave final approval for publication.

Funding

This project was carried out under NSF DEB grants 1145902 (AJW) and 1145522 (MRH). Additional funding was provided by the Safari Club International Foundation, Conservation Northwest, the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife (Aquatic Lands Enhancement Account, ALEA: AJW and JAD), the University of Washington Student Technology Fee (STF: CRS and JAD) program, and the University of Washington USEED program (AJW, JAD, CRS, and AC).

Compliance with ethical standards

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

All applicable institutional and/or national guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed.

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Re: UW wolf-deer research initial results
« Reply #26 on: March 06, 2019, 05:22:44 PM »

So wolves are driving deer from their normal wintering areas?

How are deer impacted in heavier snow years like this year if chased out of historic wintering areas?

Wolves are hunted on the Coleville Rez. How does this impact wolves’ behavior? Wolves would be targeted if the hung around populated areas on the Rez.

Not even mentioned in article

Be interesting if they studied the methow herds where wolves pursue deer near populated areas because wolf control is prohibited . 

Not a very well thought out study


Acknowledgements

We are grateful to the Colville Tribes Fish and Wildlife Department, and especially to E. Krausz and R. Whitney, for permission to access their lands, guidance, logistical support, and comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. We also thank the Okanogan-Wenatchee National Forest, and especially M. Marsh, for guidance and logistical support. Field assistance was provided by M. Bianco, K. Ebenhoch, J. Fournier, A. Smethurst, K. Perensovich, S. Stark, C. Montgomerie, B. Woodruff, I. Hull, C. Whitney, and TC Walker. Valuable field training was provided by W. Myers and J. Kujala.

Author contribution statement

AJW, MRH, and WJR originally conceptualized the study. JAD, CRS, and AC contributed to fieldwork. JAD analyzed the data and led the writing of the manuscript. All authors contributed critically to the drafts and gave final approval for publication.

Funding

This project was carried out under NSF DEB grants 1145902 (AJW) and 1145522 (MRH). Additional funding was provided by the Safari Club International Foundation, Conservation Northwest, the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife (Aquatic Lands Enhancement Account, ALEA: AJW and JAD), the University of Washington Student Technology Fee (STF: CRS and JAD) program, and the University of Washington USEED program (AJW, JAD, CRS, and AC).

Compliance with ethical standards

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

All applicable institutional and/or national guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed.

Offline Bushcraft

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Re: UW wolf-deer research initial results
« Reply #27 on: March 06, 2019, 06:08:20 PM »
By the list of those who funded the study, its plain to see once again, it was an agenda driven,  bought and paid for conclusion, administered by non hunting wolf romanticizers.

Please don't lump everyone in the list of funding contributors as "non-hunting wolf romanticizers".  As a member of their BOD, I can assure you that the fine folks of Safari Club International's Foundation (SCIF) are anything of the sort.

Both SCI and SCIF are totally pro-hunting.  In fact, I personally helped push for the funding of this study since it's in our proverbial back yard and we Washingtonians were/are in desperate need some wolf-related predator/prey data that doesn't just come from one all-too-often biased source (WDFW).  In my opinion, the best predator/prey science is coming out of the tribe's biologists.  The Colville's get it...and is why they committed to a year-around unlimited quota on wolves.

So, if you have a rigorous science-based study that you would like to have funded and done (we are particularly interested in predator/prey data-sets), I'd be happy to send it to SCIF's biologists and local chapters (and perhaps even the tribes) for review and potential funding.

Regards,

Allen
Socialism is the philosophy of failure, the creed of ignorance, and the gospel of envy; its inherent virtue is the equal sharing of misery. - Winston Churchill

Work hard. Hunt hard. Lift other hunters up.

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Offline Dan-o

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Re: UW wolf-deer research initial results
« Reply #28 on: March 06, 2019, 06:46:36 PM »
By the list of those who funded the study, its plain to see once again, it was an agenda driven,  bought and paid for conclusion, administered by non hunting wolf romanticizers.

Please don't lump everyone in the list of funding contributors as "non-hunting wolf romanticizers".  As a member of their BOD, I can assure you that the fine folks of Safari Club International's Foundation (SCIF) are anything of the sort.

Both SCI and SCIF are totally pro-hunting.  In fact, I personally helped push for the funding of this study since it's in our proverbial back yard and we Washingtonians were/are in desperate need some wolf-related predator/prey data that doesn't just come from one all-too-often biased source (WDFW).  In my opinion, the best predator/prey science is coming out of the tribe's biologists.  The Colville's get it...and is why they committed to a year-around unlimited quota on wolves.

So, if you have a rigorous science-based study that you would like to have funded and done (we are particularly interested in predator/prey data-sets), I'd be happy to send it to SCIF's biologists and local chapters (and perhaps even the tribes) for review and potential funding.

Regards,

Allen


Thank you for your efforts.
Member:   Yakstrakgutp (or whatever we are)
I love the BFRO!!!
I wonder how many people will touch their nose to their screen trying to read this...

 


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