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You see a ton of deer like this in the Thurston County area.
It is hair-loss syndrome. It can cause the hair to become yellowish or even white looking. It dosent always lead to total bald spots but extreme discoloration of the hair is definately one of the signs of hair-loss syndrome. Every one of the 15+ yearlings around my place has it. It is caused by parasites in the muscles and lungs thanks to some damn snail from Asia. If they live through their fist winter with it they usually kick it by their second fall. You probably will never see a 2 year old or older deer with it.
BTKR, from all that I've ever read about Hair Loss Syndrome, it is caused by just the parasite you are talking about.
HLS is caused by non-native species of lice that causes the animal to lose hair from incessant licking and scratching. Infected deer eventually become thin, lethargic and have diarrhea, which can lead to death. Effects are most pronounced during the winter.