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Mule deer are not home bodies like whitetail, but plots will sure get used. What, how and when mostly depends on water and weed loads. Best to go with some annuals for a few years if weeds are in control and then establish perennials. Want some lists of possible plants?
I think alfalfa is good, but it really should be cut for hay so that you get the regrowth a couple times a summer. Will you be able to put up hay on your acreage?Deer will eat at the tops of mature alfalfa but it seems to me they really like the new tender stuff after it has been cut off and starts growing again. We did a food plot experiment on my folks place years ago with one of the clover mixes that had chicory in it.To me it looked like the deer that visited nibbled on the chicory at least as much as the clover.
How much land do you have to work with?